USA history

 even if the united states of america

emerged as an independent country after

1776

and recognized in 1783 the history of these lands is deeper than that thousands of years ago the first people settled in the american continent it is not exactly known how the native americans first settled in these territories but a theory says that

people migrated from eurasia starting

thirty thousand years ago across a land

bridge known as beringia this connected

siberia to north america during the ice

age this migration continued until 10

000 years ago at that time a glacial

period ended and the land bridge became

submerged by the rising ocean but 

the early inhabitants were called the

paleoamericans

in time they migrated even deeper in

america's and they formed tribes and

nations they created interesting

civilizations developing their own

culture among the cultures that existed

here we can mention adena culture

iroquois culture cole's creek culture

pueblo and culture and mississippian

culture but another part of today the united

states has an interesting and different

history speaking about hawaii this land

wasn't inhabited until the first

century's a.d native development started

with the settlement of polynesian people

between the 1st and 10th centuries

starting in the 15th century european

colonization began in 1492 a spanish

expedition headed by the italian

explorer christopher columbus sailed

west to find a new trade route to the

far east but landed in what came to be

known to europeans as the new world

after this event in the next decades

more and more ships sailed west to

establish colonies and trade posts the

spaniards began building their american

empire using islands such as cuba puerto

rico and hispaniola as bases they

expanded hugely france founded colonies

in eastern north america a number of

caribbean islands and small coastal

parts of south america

portugal colonized brazil the eastern

seacoast was settled primarily by

english colonists in the 17th century

along with a much smaller number of

dutch and swedes the first successful

english colony jamestown was established

in 1607

on the james river in virginia new wave

of settlers arrived in the late 17th

century and established commercial

agriculture based on tobacco even though

there were some conflicts between the

native americans and english settlers

the colonies managed to expand pretty

fast and more and more people settled in

each of the 13 american colonies had

slightly different governmental

structure in fact a colony was ruled by

a governor appointed from london this

governor controlled the administration

and relied upon a locally elected

legislature to vote taxes and make laws

by the 18th century the american

colonies were growing very rapidly and

as a result of low death rates along

with ample supplies of land and food

this attracted a heavy flow of

immigrants the tobacco and rice

plantations imported african slaves for

labor from the british colonies in the

west indies and by the 1770s african

slaves compromised a fifth of the

american population the question of

independence from britain did not arise

as long as the colonies needed british

military support against the french and

spanish powers the french and indian war

was an event created by the political

development of the colonies it was also

part of the larger seven years war

britain beat french forces and france

lost their colonies and territories in

canada and louisiana the war was costly

and britain needed money the british

parliament passed the stamp act of 1765

imposing attacks on the colonies without

going through the colonial legislatures

the issue was drawn did parliament have

this right to tax americans who were not

represented in it crying no taxation

without representation the colonists

refused to pay the taxes as tensions

escalated in the late 1760s and early

1770s the boston tea party in 1773 was

marked as the start of the revolution it

happened in the town of boston to

protest against the new tax on tea

parliament quickly responded the next

year with the coercive acts stripping

massachusetts of its historic right of

self-government and putting it under

army rule which sparked outrage and

resistance in all 13 colonies leaders

from all 13 colonies gathered and

created the first continental congress

to coordinate their resistance the

congress called for a boycott of british

trade published a list of rights and

grievances and petitioned the king for

redress of those grievances

it wasn't about independence at that

point but this appeal had no effect and

so the second continental congress was

created in 1775

in order to organize the defense of the

colonies against the british army the 13

colonies began a rebellion against

british rule in 1775

and proclaimed their independence in

1776

as the united states of america in the

american revolutionary war

1775 to 1783 the americans captured the

british invasion army at saratoga in

1777

secured the northeast and encouraged the

french to make a military alliance with

the united states france brought in

spain and the netherlands thus balancing

the military and naval forces on each

side as britain had no allies general

george washington was an excellent

organizer and administrator who worked

successfully with congress and the state

governors selecting and mentoring his

senior officers supporting and training

his troops and maintaining an idealistic

republican army the american revolution

was a success and at the peace of paris

of 1783

their independence was recognized and

even so the former colonies gained more

than expected the expansion to the west

started incorporating the amerindian

lands west of the appalachian mountains

a deal was made by the united states

president thomas jefferson in 1803.

he bought the louisiana territory from

france initial diplomats sent to france

were allowed to spend up to 10 million

us dollars in order to buy just new

orleans and if possible the west bank of

the mississippi river but the french

government said that for 5 million more

dollars all of the louisiana territory

would be sold the president approved the

deal and the u.s doubled its size in the

middle of the 19th century some sessions

were happening and texas in joining the

union in 1845 and after the war against

mexican empire the united states will

take important lands and expand even

further in 1861 after abraham lincoln

was elected some states from the south

the confederation attacked the rest the

south revolt was happening due to

controversy over the enslavement of

black people in 1860 the united states

was led by abraham lincoln supporting

banning slavery in all territories war

broke out in april 1861 when

secessionist forces attacked fort sumter

in south carolina after four years of

war the union achieved its victory and

the confederates were defeated national

unity was slowly restored the national

government expanded its power the 19th

century was a period of economic

expansion more and more industries were

created and also the ascent was put on

infrastructure in 1898 the american

spanish war is happening americans are

winning in short-term some battles and

at the treaty of paris us is getting the

philippines puerto rico and guam at the

beginning of the 20th century world war

1 started even though the u.s was

neutral due to german attacks on the

american ships and due to their

intentions to make mexico join against

the us the americans joined the allies

after this event the economy was growing

and all was good until the great

depression which started in 1929 this

event shook the world and created a base

on which the second world war will start

united states joined the allies after

being attacked at pearl harbor on

december 7th 1941 by the japanese empire

americans fought a distant war in europe

pacific and they provided supplies to

the soviets armored cars motorized

equipment food etc winning battle by

battle in the pacific getting closer to

the japanese mainland and after d-day in

europe in 1944 the americans managed to

have a great impact and to help a lot on

the allied side the war ended in 1945

germany capitulated in may and japan in

september after the two nuclear bombs

dropped at hiroshima in nagasaki the

united states and soviet union emerged

as rival superpowers in the aftermath of

world war ii this was a period known as

the cold war the two countries

confronted each other indirectly in the

arms race proxy wars across the world

including the korean and vietnam wars

and propaganda campaigns the purpose of

this was to stop the spread of communism

in the 1960s waves of civil rights

movements started rights of voting and

freedom of movement to african americans

and other racial minorities the cold war

ended with the collapse of the soviet

union after the united states has been

focusing on modern conflicts in the

middle east the beginning of the 21st

century saw the september 11th attacks

carried out by al-qaeda in 2001 which

was later followed by the wars in iraq

and afghanistan in 2008 the united

states had its worst economic crisis

since the great depression